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n |
Logics are formal
languages for representing information
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such that
conclusions can be drawn
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n |
Syntax defines the
sentences in the language
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n |
Semantics define the
"meaning" of sentences;
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n |
i.e., define truth of a sentence in a world
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n |
E.g., the
language of arithmetic
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n |
x+2 ≥ y is
a sentence; x2+y > {} is not a sentence
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n |
x+2 ≥ y
is true iff the number x+2 is no less than the number y
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n |
x+2 ≥ y is
true in a world where x = 7, y = 1
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n |
x+2 ≥ y is
false in a world where x = 0, y = 6
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