| Conclusions |
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| • | Proposed Bigram model and PHMM |
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| model |
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| – | Generic in the
forms |
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| – | Systematic
parameter estimation by EM |
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| algorithm |
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| • | These two models
can be applied to other |
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| applications
using surface text patterns |
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| – | Soft patterns
have been applied to information |
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| extraction (Xiao et
al., 2004) |
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| – | PHMM is more
flexible in dealing with gaps, |
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| but requires more
training data to converge |
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